/** @file getopt_long.c
 ** @brief getopt_long - Definition
 ** @author Andrea Vedaldi
 **/

/*
Copyright (C) 2007-12 Andrea Vedaldi and Brian Fulkerson.
All rights reserved.

This file is part of the VLFeat library and is made available under
the terms of the BSD license (see legal/licenses/LICENSE.BSD.vlfeat).

*/

/**
@file   getopt_long.h
@brief  getopt_long
@author Andrea Vedaldi

This is a drop-in replacament of GNU getopt_long meant to be used
on platforms that do not support such functionality.
**/

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include "getopt.h"

int    opterr = 1 ;
int    optind = 1 ;
int    optopt ;
char * optarg ;
int    optreset ;

#define BADCH	'?'
#define BADARG	':'
#define EEND    -1
#define EMSG	""

/** @brief Parse long options (BSD style)
 ** @param argc number of arguments.
 ** @param argv pointer to the vector of arguments.
 ** @param optstring list of abbreviated options
 ** @param longopts list of long options.
 ** @param longindex index of current option in @a longopts.
 ** @return the code of the next option.
 **
 ** This function extract long and short options from the argument
 ** list @a argv of @a argc entries.
 **
 ** A short options sequence is introduced by a single dash character
 ** @c -. Each short option is described by a single character in the
 ** string @a optstring, possibly followed by a @c : character to
 ** denote a (mandatory) argument of the short option. A short option
 ** with an argument cannot appear in the middle of a short option
 ** sequence, but only at the end.
 **
 ** A long option is introduced by a double dash @c --. Each long
 ** option is described by an instance of the ::option structure in
 ** the @a longopts table (the last entry must be filled with zeroes
 ** to denote the end).
 **
 ** Illegal options and missing arguments cause the function to skip
 ** the option and return '?'. If ::opterr is @c true (default), the
 ** function prints an error message to @a stderr. Finally, if @a
 ** optstring has a leading @c :, then error messages are suppressed
 ** and a missing argument causes @a : to be returned.
 **
 ** @remark The function is currently <em>not</em> thread safe.
 **/

VL_EXPORT int
getopt_long(int argc, char *const argv[],
            const char *optstring,
            const struct option * longopts,
            int *longindex)
{
  static char *place = EMSG;	/* option letter processing */
  static int   optbegin  = 0 ;
  static int   optend    = 0 ;
  const char   *oli;		    /* option letter list index */
  int          has_colon = 0 ;
  int          ret_val   = 0 ;

  /*
     A semicolon at the beginning of optstring has a special meaning.
     If we find one, we annote and remove it.
  */
  has_colon = optstring && optstring[0] == ':' ;
  if (has_colon) ++ optstring ;

  /*
   Here we are either processing a short option sequence or
   we start processing a new option. This is indicated by optreset.
  */

  if (optreset || *place == '\0') {

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------
     *                                 Look for next short/long option
     * ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    optreset = 0 ;

    /* no more arguments ? */
    if (optind >= argc) {
      place = EMSG ;
      return -1 ;
    }

    /* next argument that may hold an option */
    optbegin = optind ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------
     *                                     Look for an option to parse
     * ------------------------------------------------------------ */

  parse_option_at_optbegin :

    /* place points to the candidate option */
    place = argv [optbegin] ;

    /* an option is introduced by '-' */
    if (place [0] != '-') {
      /* this argument is not an option: try next argument */
      ++ optbegin ;
      if (optbegin >= argc) {
        /* no more arguments to look for options */
        place = EMSG ;
        return -1 ;
      }
      goto parse_option_at_optbegin ;
    }

    /* consume leading `-' */
    ++ place ;

    /* assume the option is composed of one argument only */
    optend = optbegin + 1 ;

    /* assume no argument */
    optarg = 0 ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------
     *                                                     option `--'
     * ------------------------------------------------------------ */

    /* this special option (void long option) ends the option processing */
    if (place[0]        &&
        place[0] == '-' &&
        place[1] == '\0') {

      optind  = optend ;
      place   = EMSG ;
      ret_val = -1 ;
      goto done_option ;
    }

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------
     *                                                     long option
     * ------------------------------------------------------------ */

    if (place[0]        &&
        place[0] == '-' &&
        place[1] ) {

      size_t namelen ;
      int i ;

      /* consume second `-' */
      ++ place ;

      /* count characters before `=' */
      namelen = strcspn(place, "=") ;

      /* scan longopts for this option */
      for (i = 0 ; longopts[i].name != NULL ; ++ i) {

        if (strlen  (       longopts[i].name) == namelen &&
            strncmp (place, longopts[i].name, namelen) == 0 ) {

          /* save back long option index */
          if (longindex) *longindex = i ;

          /* process long option argument */
          if (longopts[i].has_arg == required_argument ||
              longopts[i].has_arg == optional_argument) {

            /* --option=value style */
            if (place[namelen] == '=') {
              optarg = place + namelen + 1 ;
            }

            /* --option value style (only required_argument) */
            else if (longopts[i].has_arg == required_argument) {
              /* missing argument ? */
              if (optbegin >= argc - 1) {
                if (! has_colon && opterr)
                  fprintf(stderr,
                          "%s: option requires an argument -- %s\n",
                          argv[0], place);
                place   = EMSG ;
                ret_val = has_colon ? BADARG : BADCH ;
                goto done_option ;
              }
              optarg = argv [optend] ;
              ++ optend ;
            }
          }

          /* determine return value */
          if (longopts[i].flag == NULL) {
            ret_val = longopts[i].val ;
          }
          else {
            *longopts[i].flag = longopts[i].val;
            ret_val = 0 ;
          }

          /* mark sequence closed */
          place = EMSG ;
          goto done_option ;
        } /* if match */

      } /* scan longoptions */

      /* no matching option found */
      if (! has_colon && opterr)
        fprintf(stderr,
                "%s: illegal option -- %s\n", argv[0], place) ;
      place   = EMSG ;
      ret_val = BADCH ;
      goto done_option ;
    }
  } /* end new option */

  /* -----------------------------------------------------------------
   *                                      Finish short option sequence
   * -------------------------------------------------------------- */
  optopt = (int) *place++ ;

  /* search charcater in option list */
  oli = strchr(optstring, optopt);

  /* short option not found */
  if (!oli) {

    if (! has_colon && opterr)
      fprintf(stderr,
              "%s: illegal option -- %c\n",
              argv[0], optopt);

    if (*place) {
      /* more short options in the list */
      return BADCH ;
    }

    else {
      /* error occured as last option in the list */
      place   = EMSG ;
      ret_val = BADCH ;
      goto done_option ;
    }
  } /* end short option not found */

  if (oli[1] != ':') {
    /* short option with no argument */

    if (*place) {
      /* more short options in the list */
      return optopt ;
    }
    else {
      /* last option in the list */
      place   = EMSG ;
      ret_val = optopt ;
      goto done_option ;
    }

  } else {
    /* short option with argument */

    /* -ovalue style */
    if (*place) {
      optarg  = place ;
      place   = EMSG ;
      ret_val = optopt ;
      goto done_option ;
    }
    /* -o value style: missing argument */
    else if (optbegin >= argc - 1) {
      if (! has_colon && opterr)
        fprintf(stderr,
                "%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n",
                argv[0], optopt);
      place   = EMSG ;
      ret_val = has_colon ? BADARG : BADCH ;
      goto done_option ;
    }

    /* -o value style: process argument */
    optarg = argv [optend] ;
    ++ optend ;
    place   = EMSG ;
    ret_val = optopt ;
    goto done_option ;
  } /* short with argument */

 done_option :
  {
    int pos = optend - optbegin ;  /* n of circular shifts */
    int c   = pos ;

    while (c --) {
      int i ;
      char *tmp = argv [optend - 1] ;
      for (i = optend - 1 ; i > optind ; -- i) {
        ((char**)argv) [i] = argv [i-1] ;
      }
      ((char**)argv) [optind] = tmp ;
    }
    optind += pos ;
  }

  return ret_val ;
}