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authorFreeArtMan <dos21h@gmail.com>2020-03-05 22:01:08 +0000
committerFreeArtMan <dos21h@gmail.com>2020-03-05 22:01:08 +0000
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-title:Linux Hello world in Swift
-keywords:linux,swift
-
-# Linux Hello world in Swift
-## Intro
-
-Swift is one of cool modern languages, that appeared recently on the scene.
-Purpose of Swift is replace C/ObjectC/C++ on MacOS. In same time its works on Linux.
-Support of Swift for Linux is not that great there is lack of many libraries and all
-Siwft power opens on Macos, but its still some fun language to play. Main swift page
-provides only Macos and Ubuntu as main supported platforms. Anything else you may have
-troubles to get working. Currently supported architectures are intel64 and arm64.
-Lets get into this journey of running Swift on Linux.
-
-## Installing Swift
-### Ubuntu
-
-Installing on Ubuntu is most easiest part, download from main page and done.
-[https://swift.org/download/](https://swift.org/download/)
-
-```bash
-wget -c https://swift.org/builds/swift-5.1.4-release/ubuntu1804/swift-5.1.4-RELEASE/swift-5.1.4-RELEASE-ubuntu18.04.tar.gz
-tar -xvf swift-5.1.4-RELEASE-ubuntu18.04.tar.gz
-```
-
-### Archlinux
-
-Installing from main swift page, not able to compile because of missing GCC flags.
-So easiest way to install is from AUR
-[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/swift-bin/](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/swift-bin/)
-Compiling other swift package from AUR have same issues, related to not able to compile source.
-
-```bash
-wget -c https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/snapshot/swift-bin.tar.gz
-tar -xvf swift-bin.tar.gz
-cd siwft-bin
-makepkg
-sudo pacman -U
-```
-
-## Compile Swift
-
-All this examples given for Swift version 5.1
-
-```bash
-mkdir HelloWorld
-cd ./HelloWorld/
-swift package init --type executable
-swift run
-```
-
-Compiled file is located in
-```bash
-./.build/debug/HelloWorld
-```
-
-
-## Static Swift Compilation
-
-Swift static compilation compiles in all Swift runtime and uses default Linux libraries.
-
-```bash
-swift build -c release -Xswiftc -static-stdlib
-```
-
-File is located in ./.build/x86_64-unknown-linux/release/HelloWorld
-```bash
-ls -lah ./.build/x86_64-unknown-linux/release/HelloWorld
--rwxr-xr-x 1 fam fam 34M Mar 1 18:29 ./.build/x86_64-unknown-linux/release/HelloWorld
-
-ldd ./.build/x86_64-unknown-linux/release/HelloWorld
- linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffebcd17000)
- libdl.so.2 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00007efc5a6d4000)
- libpthread.so.0 => /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007efc5a6b2000)
- libatomic.so.1 => /usr/lib/libatomic.so.1 (0x00007efc5a6a8000)
- libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007efc5a4bf000)
- libm.so.6 => /usr/lib/libm.so.6 (0x00007efc5a379000)
- libgcc_s.so.1 => /usr/lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007efc5a35f000)
- libc.so.6 => /usr/lib/libc.so.6 (0x00007efc5a197000)
- /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 => /usr/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007efc5c624000)
-```
-
-## Swift on ARM64
-
-Swift installation manual for RasPi4
-
-[https://swift-arm.com/install-swift/](https://swift-arm.com/install-swift/)
-
-```bash
-curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/swift-arm/release/script.deb.sh | sudo bash
-sudo apt-get install swift5
-```
-
-Now steps from beginning could be followed. And result will be same.
-
-
-## Interfacing to C
-
-Swift is based on clang/llvm and able to parse C language and create interface to Swift.
-Its eliminates need to write glue/binding library for Swift and simplifies C integration.
-
-
-```bash
-mkdir Cint0
-cd Cint0
-swift package init --type executable
-```
-
-
-Define C header with functions to be binded
-_code.h_
-```c
-#ifndef __CCODE_H
-#define __CCODE_H
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-int one();
-int two();
-int calc(int a, int b);
-
-#endif
-```
-
-Function implementation
-
-_code.c_
-```c
-#include "include/code.h"
-
-int one()
-{
- printf("First\n");
- return 1;
-}
-
-int two()
-{
- printf("Second\n");
- return 2;
-}
-
-int calc(int a, int b)
-{
- return a+b;
-}
-```
-
-_main.swift_
-```swift
-import ccode;
-
-print("Start program")
-
-print(one());
-print(ccode.two());
-print(calc(12,12))
-
-print("End program")
-```
-
-C source and header files are ready. Swift code that using C code is written.
-So its time to define package and build everything. Package.swift defines
-what is included in source and dependencies. So add target "Cint0" with
-dependencies on "ccode" that is our C code.
-And then add extra target that will compile code "ccode" and doesn't depend on
-anything. ... and build.
-
-_Package.swift_
-```swift
-// swift-tools-version:5.1
-// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to build this package.
-
-import PackageDescription
-
-let package = Package(
- name: "Cint0",
- dependencies: [
- // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
- // .package(url: /* package url */, from: "1.0.0"),
- ],
-
- targets: [
- // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package. A target can define a module or a test suite.
- // Targets can depend on other targets in this package, and on products in packages which this package depends on.
- .target(
- name:"Cint0",
- dependencies: ["ccode"]),
- .testTarget(
- name: "Cint0Tests",
- dependencies: ["Cint0"]),
- .target(
- name:"ccode",
- dependencies: []),
-
- ]
-)
-```
-
-
-
-## SDL2 example
-
-### Binding SDL2 library
-
-To use C SDL2 headers from Swift we need to create bindings. This also shows how to bind C code to Swift
-
-```bash
-mkdir CSDL2
-cd CSDL2
-swift package init --type system-module
-```
-
-
-Resulting files are
-```
-$ swift package init --type system-module
-Creating system-module package: CSDL2
-Creating Package.swift
-Creating README.md
-Creating .gitignore
-Creating module.modulemap
-```
-
-Create __Headers__ directory and add there file
-_CSDL2-Header.h_
-```c
-#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
-```
-
-_Package.swift_
-```swift
-// swift-tools-version:5.1
-// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to build this package.
-
-import PackageDescription
-
-let package = Package(
- name: "CSDL2",
- products: [
- // Products define the executables and libraries produced by a package, and make them visible to other packages.
- .library(
- name: "CSDL2",
- targets: ["CSDL2"]),
- ],
- dependencies: [
- // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
- // .package(url: /* package url */, from: "1.0.0"),
- ],
- targets: [
- // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package. A target can define a module or a test suite.
- // Targets can depend on other targets in this package, and on products in packages which this package depends on.
- .target(
- name: "CSDL2",
- dependencies: []),
- .testTarget(
- name: "CSDL2Tests",
- dependencies: ["CSDL2"]),
- ]
-)
-```
-
-
-Here is main thing, to tell Swift with headers to make accessible
-_module.modulemap_
-```
-module CSDL2 {
- header "Headers/CSDL2-Header.h"
- link "SDL2"
- export *
-}
-```
-
-Now its time to test CSDL2 package
-
-### SDL2 test with bindings
-
-SDL2 test
-```bash
-mkdir SDLtest
-cd ./SDLtest
-swift package init --type executable
-```
-
-Small SDL2 example in C
-```c
-#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
-
-#define SCREEN_WIDTH 200
-#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 200
-
-char quit = 0;
-SDL_Window *window = NULL;
-SDL_Renderer *renderer = NULL;
-
-int main()
-{
- SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
- window = SDL_CreateWindow(
- "WEBASM",
- SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
- SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT,
- SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN | SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
- renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
- SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff);
- int quit=0;
- while(0 == quit)
- {
- SDL_Event event;
- while (SDL_PollEvent(&event))
- {
- switch (event.type)
- {
- case SDL_QUIT:
- {
- quit = 1;
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
- SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
- SDL_Quit();
-}
-```
-
-Lets convert C example to working with Swift code
-
-Pointers can be defined as OpaquePointer without type so far.
-All functions are called same as in C.
-Enum types if they are passed then can be accessed as NAME.rawValue .
-
-
-```swift
-import CSDL2
-
-var windowPtr: OpaquePointer! = nil
-var renderPtr: OpaquePointer! = nil
-
-SDL_Init(0)
-SDL_CreateWindowAndRenderer(200,200,0,&windowPtr,&renderPtr)
-SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderPtr,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff)
-var quit = 0;
-var e = SDL_Event();
-while quit == 0 {
- while SDL_PollEvent(&e) != 0
- {
- switch e.type {
- case case SDL_QUIT.rawValue::
- quit = 1
- default:
- print("Unknown event")
- }
- }
-}
-
-print("Hello, world!")
-
-SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderPtr)
-SDL_DestroyWindow(windowPtr)
-SDL_Quit()
-```
-
-So far all Swift features looks like they are working out of the box, without
-deep Swift knowledge was able to bind library, and used. Also this is largest code base
-Swift code that I ever wrote in my life. So far it looks like easy language to learn.
-
-## Sources
-
-
-## Links
-
-[01] [https://www.programiz.com/swift-programming](https://www.programiz.com/swift-programming)
-[02] [https://swift.org/download/](https://swift.org/download/)
-[03] [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/swift-bin/](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/swift-bin/)
-[04] [https://swift-arm.com/install-swift/](https://swift-arm.com/install-swift/)
-[05] [https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager/blob/master/Documentation/Usage.md](https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager/blob/master/Documentation/Usage.md)
-[06] [https://theswiftdev.com/how-to-call-c-code-from-swift/](https://theswiftdev.com/how-to-call-c-code-from-swift/)
-[07] [https://github.com/KevinVitale/SwiftSDL/blob/master/Package.swift](https://github.com/KevinVitale/SwiftSDL/blob/master/Package.swift)
-[08] [https://rderik.com/blog/making-a-c-library-available-in-swift-using-the-swift-package/](https://rderik.com/blog/making-a-c-library-available-in-swift-using-the-swift-package/)
-[09] [https://github.com/KevinVitale/SwiftSDL/tree/master/Sources](https://github.com/KevinVitale/SwiftSDL/tree/master/Sources)
-[10] [https://www.uraimo.com/2016/04/07/swift-and-c-everything-you-need-to-know/#working-with-pointers](https://www.uraimo.com/2016/04/07/swift-and-c-everything-you-need-to-know/#working-with-pointers)
-[11] [https://www.objc.io/blog/2018/01/30/opaque-vs-unsafe-pointers/](https://www.objc.io/blog/2018/01/30/opaque-vs-unsafe-pointers/)
-