Add stm32 sdram configuration

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+title: DSP Low-pass FIR filter
+keywords:c,stm32,stm32f4,sdram,configuration,timing
+
+# STM32F4 sdram configuration
+
+Here is some notes about playing with SDRAM. Some parts are still unclear for
+me but looks like all code works.
+
+STM32 F4 family have build in FMC controller that can be configured to use
+SDRAM with easy.
+
+F4 have 2 internals banks and memory ranges where SDRAM could be configured.
+
+## SDRAM parametrs
+
+## STM32 SDRAM FMC params
+
+STM32F4 SDRAM FMC(Flexible Memory Controller) have many parametrs that allow
+to confgiure SDRAM, depending on chip you can have more or less memory avaliable
+different clock speeds. 
+
+
+| Struct field name | Possible values | Comments |
+|---|---|---|
+| SDBank           | BANK1,BANK2 | |
+| ColumnBitsNumber | 8-11 bits | |
+| RowBitsNumber    | 11-13 bits | |
+| MemoryDataWidth  | 8,16,32 bits | |
+| CASLatency       | 1,2,3 | |
+| WriteProtection  | ENABLE,DISABLE | |
+| SDClockPeriod    | DISABLE, PERIOD2, PERIOD3 | If system clock 180Mhz then CLK speeds 90Mhz or 60Mhz |
+| ReadBurst        | ENABLE,DISABLE | |
+| ReadPipeDelay    | DELAY_0, DELAY_1, DELAY_2 | |
+
+
+## Configure FMC SDRAM timings
+
+Timing configuration configured in FMC_SDTR1 register
+
+| Struct field name | RegisterPossible Values | Register bit names |
+|---|---|---|
+| LoadToActiveDelay    | 1-16 cycles | TMRD |
+| ExitSlefRedreshDelay | 1-16 cycles | TXSR |
+| SelfRefreshTime      | 1-16 cycles | TRAS |
+| RowCycleDelay        | 1-16 cycles | TRC  |
+| WriteRecoveryTime    | 1-16 cycles | TWR  |
+| RPDelay              | 1-16 cycles | TRCD |
+| RCDelay              | 1-16 cycles | TRC  |
+
+## SDRAM initialisation
+
+Before SDRAM could start working it need to be configured and commended are 
+sended. Command are just setting up appropriate bits and wait of 100ms.
+
+Commands for configure SDRAM
+
+| Command | Desc |
+|---|---|
+| FMC_SDRAM_CMD_CLK_ENABLE | Configure a clock configuration enable command |
+| FMC_SDRAM_CMD_PALL | Configure a PALL (precharge all) command |
+| FMC_SDRAM_CMD_AUTOREFRESH_MODE |  Configure a Auto-Refresh command |
+| FMC_SDRAM_CMD_LOAD_MODE | Program the external memory mode register |
+
+```c
+  FMC_SDRAM_CommandTypeDef Command;
+
+    __IO uint32_t tmpmrd =0;
+  /* Step 3:  Configure a clock configuration enable command */
+  Command.CommandMode            = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_CLK_ENABLE;
+  Command.CommandTarget          = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_TARGET_BANK1;
+  Command.AutoRefreshNumber      = 1;
+  Command.ModeRegisterDefinition = 0;
+
+  /* Send the command */
+  HAL_SDRAM_SendCommand(hsdram, &Command, 0x1000);
+
+  /* Step 4: Insert 100 ms delay */
+  HAL_Delay(100);
+    
+  /* Step 5: Configure a PALL (precharge all) command */ 
+  Command.CommandMode            = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_PALL;
+  Command.CommandTarget          = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_TARGET_BANK1;
+  Command.AutoRefreshNumber      = 1;
+  Command.ModeRegisterDefinition = 0;
+
+  /* Send the command */
+  HAL_SDRAM_SendCommand(hsdram, &Command, 0x1000);  
+  
+  /* Step 6 : Configure a Auto-Refresh command */ 
+  Command.CommandMode            = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_AUTOREFRESH_MODE;
+  Command.CommandTarget          = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_TARGET_BANK1;
+  Command.AutoRefreshNumber      = 4;
+  Command.ModeRegisterDefinition = 0;
+
+  /* Send the command */
+  HAL_SDRAM_SendCommand(hsdram, &Command, 0x1000);
+  
+  /* Step 7: Program the external memory mode register */
+  tmpmrd = (uint32_t)SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_LENGTH_2          |
+                     SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_TYPE_SEQUENTIAL   |
+                     SDRAM_MODEREG_CAS_LATENCY_3           |
+                     SDRAM_MODEREG_OPERATING_MODE_STANDARD |
+                     SDRAM_MODEREG_WRITEBURST_MODE_SINGLE;
+  
+  Command.CommandMode            = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_LOAD_MODE;
+  Command.CommandTarget          = FMC_SDRAM_CMD_TARGET_BANK1;
+  Command.AutoRefreshNumber      = 1;
+  Command.ModeRegisterDefinition = tmpmrd;
+
+  /* Send the command */
+  HAL_SDRAM_SendCommand(hsdram, &Command, 0x1000);
+
+  HAL_SDRAM_ProgramRefreshRate(hsdram, 0x56A-20);
+```
+
+### Command list for AS4C16M16SA
+
+| Commands |
+|---|
+| BankActive |
+| BankPrecharge |
+| PrechargeAll |
+| Read |
+| Read and AutoPrecharge |
+| Write |
+| Write and AutoPrecharge |
+| Mode Register Set |
+| No-Operation |
+| Burst Stop |
+| Devaise Deselect |
+| AutoRefresh |
+| SelfRefresh Entry |
+| SelfRedresh Exit |
+| Clock Suspend Mode Entry / PowerDown Mode Entry |
+| Clock Suspend Mode Exit / PowerDown Mode Exit |
+| Data Write / Output Enable |
+
+## Calculate parametrs
+
+### AS4C16M16SA chip parametrs
+
+Configuration for SystemClock=180Mhz and SDRAM clock rate 90Mhz.
+Some values are adjusted to work.
+
+<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
+<mtable class="m-equation-square" displaystyle="true" style="display: block; margin-top: 1.0em; margin-bottom: 2.0em">
+  <mtr>
+    <mtd>
+      <mspace width="6.0em" />
+    </mtd>
+    <mtd columnalign="left">
+      <mfrac linethickness="1">
+        <mn>1</mn>
+        <mrow>
+          <mn>90</mn>
+          <mi>M</mi>
+          <mi>h</mi>
+          <mi>z</mi>
+        </mrow>
+      </mfrac>
+      <mo>=</mo>
+      <mn>11.1</mn>
+      <mi>u</mi>
+    </mtd>
+  </mtr>
+</mtable>
+</math>
+
+All resulting values are rounded up.
+
+| Param in Datasheet | Param | Calc(cycles) |
+|---|---|---|
+| 12u             | TMRD | 1(1.1)+2 ???|
+| tRC+tIS = 61.5u | TXSR | 6(5.5)+1 ???|
+| 42u             | TRAS | 4(3.8)+1 ???|
+| 60u             | TRC  | 6(5.5)      |
+| 12u             | TWR  | 2(1.1)      |
+| 18u             | TRP  | 2(1.6)      |
+| 18u             | TRCD | 2(1.6)      |
+
+This what worked for me, so should be right (maybe)
+
+Configuration for SystemClock=180Mhz and SDRAM clock rate 60Mhz
+
+<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
+<mtable class="m-equation-square" displaystyle="true" style="display: block; margin-top: 1.0em; margin-bottom: 2.0em">
+  <mtr>
+    <mtd>
+      <mspace width="6.0em" />
+    </mtd>
+    <mtd columnalign="left">
+      <mfrac linethickness="1">
+        <mn>1</mn>
+        <mrow>
+          <mn>60</mn>
+          <mi>M</mi>
+          <mi>h</mi>
+          <mi>z</mi>
+        </mrow>
+      </mfrac>
+      <mo>=</mo>
+      <mn>16.6</mn>
+      <mi>u</mi>
+    </mtd>
+  </mtr>
+</mtable>
+</math>
+
+| Param in Datasheet | Param | Calc(cycles) |
+|---|---|---|
+| 12u             | TMRD | 1(1.1)+2 ???|
+| tRC+tIS = 61.5u | TXSR | 4(3.6)+1 ???|
+| 42u             | TRAS | 3(2.5)      |
+| 60u             | TRC  | 4(3.6)+1 ???|
+| 12u             | TWR  | 1(0.8)      |
+| 18u             | TRP  | 1(1.1)      |
+| 18u             | TRCD | 1(1.1)      |
+
+### Calculate refresh rate
+
+From datasheet - 8192 refresh cycles/64ms
+
+64ms/8192 = 7.8u
+
+7.8u \* (90Mhz) = 702  
+7.8u \* (60Mhz) = 402  
+
+## Example config
+
+Here is example config for AS4C16M16SA
+
+```c
+  SDRAM->Init.SDBank             = FMC_SDRAM_BANK2;
+  SDRAM->Init.ColumnBitsNumber   = FMC_SDRAM_COLUMN_BITS_NUM_9;
+  SDRAM->Init.RowBitsNumber      = FMC_SDRAM_ROW_BITS_NUM_13;
+  SDRAM->Init.MemoryDataWidth    = FMC_SDRAM_MEM_BUS_WIDTH_16;
+  SDRAM->Init.InternalBankNumber = FMC_SDRAM_INTERN_BANKS_NUM_4;
+  SDRAM->Init.CASLatency         = FMC_SDRAM_CAS_LATENCY_3;
+  SDRAM->Init.WriteProtection    = FMC_SDRAM_WRITE_PROTECTION_DISABLE;
+  SDRAM->Init.SDClockPeriod      = FMC_SDRAM_CLOCK_PERIOD_2; // 90Mhz
+  SDRAM->Init.ReadBurst          = FMC_SDRAM_RBURST_DISABLE;
+  SDRAM->Init.ReadPipeDelay      = FMC_SDRAM_RPIPE_DELAY_1;
+
+  /* Timing configuration for 90 MHz of SDRAM clock frequency (180MHz/2) */
+  SDRAM_Timing->LoadToActiveDelay    = 2;
+  SDRAM_Timing->ExitSelfRefreshDelay = 7;
+  SDRAM_Timing->SelfRefreshTime      = 4;      
+  SDRAM_Timing->RowCycleDelay        = 7;//was 7
+  SDRAM_Timing->WriteRecoveryTime    = 2;
+  SDRAM_Timing->RPDelay              = 2;
+  SDRAM_Timing->RCDDelay             = 2;
+```
+
+## Using SDRAM
+
+```c
+for (i = 0; i < SDRAM_SIZE; i++) {
+    *(__IO uint16_t*) (SDRAM_BANK_ADDR + 2*i) = (uint16_t)0x00;
+  }
+```
+
+Example of setting values into SDRAM. Accessing just like usual memory.
+
+## Links
+
+1. [AS4C16M16SA datasheet](https://www.alliancememory.com/wp-content/uploads/pdf/dram/256Mb-AS4C16M16SA-C&I_V3.0_March%202015.pdf)
+2. [STM32F429ZI description](http://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers/stm32f429zi.html)
+3. [http://en.radzio.dxp.pl/stm32f429idiscovery/sdram.html](http://en.radzio.dxp.pl/stm32f429idiscovery/sdram.html)
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